of Pet. Oman area of the Arabian Sea . After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla, U-166 was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on June 1, 1942. NOAA Print-on-Demand Charts for U.S. [5], The Smithsonian Institution Gulf of Mexico holdings are expected to provide an important baseline of understanding for future scientific studies on the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. National Geophysical Data Center, 1999. Above is a snippet of this map, roughly 220 kilometers wide . During this time, meteorologic and oceanographic conditions are conducive for hurricanes to develop anywhere in the gulf. You can analyze and combine datasets using maps. In part artificial, the waterway consists of a channel paralleling the coast behind barrier beaches, the channel being linked by a series of canals. K. V. Kramer (email: kody.kramer@boem.gov) and W. W. Shedd, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, U.S. Department of the Interior, New Orleans, La. Corrections? DUBAI . Earthquakes may be caused by interactions between sediment loading on the sea floor and adjustment by the crust.[30]. The southeastern portion of the gulf is traversed by a riverlike current that becomes the main source of the North Atlantic Gulf Stream; this is the principal current moving oceanic waters through the gulf. Johnson, L. McEachron, and H.-S. Kang (2019). Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), A new bathymetry map, created by integrating many 3-D seismic surveys, reveals the Gulf of Mexicos seafloor in unprecedented detail. depth. The oldest surveys in this database date back to the 1980s. The Gulf of Mexico is a very warm body of water, so storms can often increase their strength. The deepest point is in the Mexico Basin (Sigsbee Deep), which is 17,070 feet (5,203 metres) below sea level. Posamentier, H. (2003), Depositional elements associated with a basin floor channel-levee system: Case study from the Gulf of Mexico,Mar. 4 Jul 1991. Baja California Peninsula - WorldAtlas Boundary Maps and Management Zones | FWC Maps . The contract gave him one year to gather an army, leave Spain, be large enough to found at least two towns of 100 people each, and garrison two more fortresses anywhere along the coast. One officer, nine crewmen and 15 passengers were lost. Cent., Texas A&M Univ., College Station. On September 10, 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center reported that a magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurred about 250 miles (400km) west-southwest of Anna Maria, Florida, around 10:56am EDT. To date, BP's cost for the clean-up, environmental and economic damages and penalties has reached $54bn. Marine Regions The team labored until September 12 to salvage the Padre Island treasure. The geoscientists began with more than 200 individual seafloor maps created from 3-D surveys dating from the late 1980s to the 2010s. Kramer, K. V.,Shedd, W. W. (2017), A 1.4-billion-pixel map of the Gulf of Mexico seafloor, Eos, 98, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017EO073557. When the Loop Current is extended, it eventually sheds a large eddy, or Ring, which then drifts westward, whereas the Loop Current retracts to the south. There were no reports of damage or injuries. The first exploration of the site was unmanned, using Hercules and in 2015 a team of three used the deep submergence vehicle Alvin. 600000 surface area (sq mi) 17070 max. Coastal Ecosystem Maps - Gulf of Mexico | National Centers for It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Straits of Florida, running between the peninsula of Florida and the island of Cuba, and to the Caribbean Sea by the Yucatn Channel, which runs between the Yucatn Peninsula and Cuba. The Loop Current system is a determining factor for the presence of bluefin tuna larvae. SpaceXs giant new rocket exploded minutes after blasting off on its first test flight and crashed into the Gulf of Mexico, A new National Academy of Science study says that 13 years after a massive BP oil spill fouled the Gulf of Mexico, regulators and industry have reduced some risks in deep water exploration in the gulf but some troublesome safety issues persist, Offshore oil and gas operations in the Gulf of Mexico give off much more methane emissions than official estimates, according to a study published Monday. All rights reserved. by John A. Haymond 2/8/2022. Tweet. Le Hnaff, M., and V. H. Kourafalou (2016). This attracts fish, shrimp, and squid. Bryant, W., et al. Garcia-Pineda, O., Y. Androulidakis, M. Le Hnaff, V. Kourafalou, L.R. Waters. The main dynamical feature of the Gulf of Mexico is the Loop Current, which is a portion, upstream of the Gulf Stream, of the North Atlantic western boundary current that carries ocean waters from the Tropics towards the high latitudes. She is believed to have been a privateer or trader. NOAA/AOML developed an index based on satellite data, that maps where the conditions are favorable for the presence of bluefin tuna larvae. With a resolution as fine as 149 square meters per pixel, about equal to the areal footprint of an American single-family house, BOEMs bathymetry map is at least 16 times higher in resolution than the map historically used for the northern GOM. Credit: BOEM. Consort., Gulf of Mexico Intraslope Basins Proj. Top Spots for Scuba Diving in Mexico (MAP) Cozumel. BOEM researchers constructed the map using BOEMs confidential database of 3-D seismic surveys, each survey having been originally shot by the oil and gas industry in their search for hydrocarbons. In most places, federal waters extend from where state waters end out to about 200 nautical miles or to where other country's waters begin. Additional data layers include model data such as sea surface currents, overlays for bathymetry, location names and other contextual information. Caribbean Sea | Definition, Location, Map, Islands, & Facts The Gulf of Mexico's eastern, northern, and northwestern shores lie along the US states of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. Gulf of Mexico - Wikipedia This was compared with a 52% to 48% male-female ratio found in reference sites, showing an impairment of reproductive output for fish populations inhabiting hypoxic coastal zones. Kourafalou, V., Y. Androulidakis, M. Le Hnaff, and H. Kang (2017). Geol., 20, 677690,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.01.002. Similar: Guantanamo Bay. [3] It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States; on the southwest and south by the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo; and on the southeast by Cuba. Iran's navy seized a Marshall Islands-flagged oil tanker in the Gulf of Oman on Thursday, April 27, 2023, heading to the U.S. amid wider tensions over Tehran's nuclear program, the latest-such . [12] The rifting was associated with zones of weakness within Pangea, including sutures where the Laurentia, South American, and African plates collided to create it. After both platforms were submerged, the formation of carbonates and evaporites has characterized the geologic history of these two stable areas. Otis, D.B., M. Le Hnaff, V.H. Gulf of Mexico, International Waters (IW) view from tx Gulf of Mexico. Many layers include interactive elements with queryable attribute information. The high-resolution GoM-HYCOM configuration used in these various projects also provides 7-day forecast of the Gulf of Mexico conditions once a week, available A new bathymetry map, created by integrating many 3-D seismic surveys, reveals the Gulf of Mexico's seafloor in unprecedented detail. [33] According to the September 11, 2006 issue of The Tampa Tribune, earthquake tremors were last felt in Florida in 1952, recorded in Quincy, 20 miles (32km) northwest of Tallahassee. They then compared the resulting depth grid with more than 300 well penetrations across the GOM to determine the time-depth conversion error, which averaged 1.3% of water depth. # Status of multilateral conventions and instruments in respect of which the International Maritime Organization or its Secretary-General . 2023 American Geophysical Union. In red is the track of the NOAA ship Nancy Foster. [19] Seven main areas are given as:[citation needed]. On the shelf and on the slope that dips downward to the abyssal plain, buried salt domes occur at various depths; economically important deposits of oil and natural gas are associated with them. The peninsula is a Mexican territory and bordered to the north by the US. In addition to 15% of U.S. oil and 1% of natural gas, the Bureau estimates undiscovered recoverable oil is in the 23.31-to-36.27-Bbbl range, and gas resources between 46.88 Tcfg and 62.56 Tcfg . Kourafalou, D. Otis, K.A. High Seas. Dunbar. On December 11, 1526, Charles V granted Pnfilo de Narvez a license to claim what is now the Gulf Coast of the United States, known as the Narvez expedition. Garcia-Pineda (2019). The continental shelf forms an almost continuous terrace around the margin of the gulf; its width varies from a maximum of more than 200 miles (320 km) to a minimum of about 25 miles (40 km). He cast anchor between Cat Island and Ship Island; and on February 13, 1699, he went to the mainland, Biloxi, with his brother Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville. Three locations, C-3, C-11 and C-13, are located off the coast of Louisiana. Salt, buried kilometers deep, deformed like putty over time, oozing upward toward the seafloor. NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24. Cuba and Mexico: Exchange of notes constituting an agreement on the delimitation of the exclusive economic zone of Mexico in the sector adjacent to Cuban maritime areas (with map), of July 26, 1976. Fed State Water Boundary - Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council Hole, H.-S. Kang, G. Staples, E. Ramirez, [56] Coast Guard Rear Adm. Sally Brice O'Hare stated that the US government will be "employing booms, skimmers, chemical dispersants and controlled burns" to combat the oil spill. Oil shipping and drilling can spill tons of petroleum into the ecosystem. Special Areas under MARPOL - International Maritime Organization Le Hnaff, M., F. E. Muller-Karger, V. H. Kourafalou, D. Otis, K. A. Johnson, L. McEachron, H.-S. Kang (2019). As a result, the expedition of Tristn de Luna y Arellano was sent and landed at Pensacola Bay on August 15, 1559. Caribbean Sea, suboceanic basin of the western Atlantic Ocean, lying between latitudes 9 and 22 N and longitudes 89 and 60 W. It is approximately 1,063,000 square miles (2,753,000 square km) in extent. is 100% up to date when you order! Figures 59 showcase the detail of BOEMs GOM gigapixel map, the payoff for 19 years of mapping efforts. Another fascinating feature of the Gulf of Mexico is the signature of the Mississippi River, one of the largest rivers in the world, which discharges gigantic amounts of fresh water and nutrients into the Gulf. The site is secure. Initially, the combination of crustal stretching and cooling caused about 57km (3.14.3mi) of tectonic subsidence of the central thin transitional and oceanic crust. News. The shelf is exploited for its oil by means of offshore drilling rigs, most of which are situated in the western gulf and in the Bay of Campeche. Almost half of the basin consists of shallow continental-shelf waters. As early as the Maya Civilization, the Gulf of Mexico was used as a trade route off the coast of the Yucatn Peninsula and present-day Veracruz. initialized and verified by satellite observations. Meandering masses of water, called loop currents, break off from the main stream and also move clockwise into the northeastern part of the gulf. Sens., 11(6), p.723. National & International. Cleanup operations were resumed after conditions became favorable. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System Open GIS Data Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans., In Press. [28] From 1970 to 2020, surface temperatures warmed at approximately twice the rate observed for the global ocean surface. Gulf of Mexico | gulf, North America | Britannica HMS Volage, its bow blown apart by a mine laid by Albania in the North Corfu Channel, is towed to harbor in 1946 (Imperial War Museums) The Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius is most often cited for his contributions to the development of international laws of war. However, this first voyage of 1497 is widely disputed and many historians doubt that it took place as described. After the attack she was under escort by USS PC-566, captained by Lieutenant Commander Herbert G. Claudius, en route to New Orleans. [55] The resulting oil slick quickly expanded to cover hundreds of square miles of ocean surface, posing a serious threat to marine life and adjacent coastal wetlands and to the livelihoods of Gulf Coast shrimpers and fishermen. Buffler, R. T., and D. S. Sawyer (1985), Distribution of crust and early history, Gulf of Mexico Basin, Trans. Regional Report- Gulf of Mexico [31][32] Items were knocked from shelves and seiches were observed in swimming pools in parts of Florida. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The samples were collected for years by the former Minerals Management Service (renamed the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement) to help predict the potential impacts of future oil/gas explorations. This was ranked as the largest oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico until the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. Iran Seizes Oil Tanker in Gulf, U.S. Navy Says - US News (with map). [52] Although initial reports indicated that relatively little oil had leaked, by April 24, it was claimed by BP that approximately 1,000 barrels (160m3) of oil per day were issuing from the wellhead, about 1-mile (1.6km) below the surface on the ocean floor. When word of the disaster reached Mexico City, the viceroy requested a rescue fleet and immediately sent ngel de Villafae, in Mexico City with Corts, marching overland to find the treasure-laden vessels. Geoscientists created a mosaic of more than 100 of their highest-quality bathymetry maps, interpreted on seismic surveys originally shot by 15 different geophysical companies. 14103, 10 pp., Soc. The basin is unusually flat, having a gradient of only about 1 foot (0.3 metre) in every 8,000 feet (2,440 metres). A. Kendall (2002), Images of the base of gas hydrate stability, Northwest Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, in OTC 2002: Deep into the Future, Pap. New York: Liveright Publishing Corp. p. 416. The land that forms the gulf's coast, including many long, narrow barrier islands, is almost uniformly low-lying and is characterized by marshes and swamps as well as stretches of sandy beach. 13-63-SLP| May 28, 2013 BILOXI, Miss. Which Waters Do You Pass Through When You Sail the Seven Seas? The sonar contacts consisted of two large sections lying approximately 500 feet (150m) apart at either end of a debris field that indicated the presence of a U-boat. Where Do International Waters Begin? It has been called the "Jacuzzi of Despair". These maps are updated monthly. What is the deepest point in the Gulf of Mexico? Muller-Karger, V.H. In July 2015 BP reached an $18.7bn settlement with the US government, the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, as well as 400 local authorities. of Texas at Austin. New Seafloor Map Reveals How Strange the Gulf of Mexico Is Iran's navy seized a Marshall Islands-flagged oil tanker in the Gulf of Oman on Thursday amid wider tensions over Tehran's nuclear program, the latest-such capture in a waterway crucial . Gulf Intracoastal Waterway | waterway, United States | Britannica As interpreted by Roy Van Arsdale and Randel T. Cox, this mountain range was breached in Late Cretaceous times by the formation of the Mississippi Embayment.[10][11]. Geoscientists realized the potential they had available to them: They could combine the rest of their seafloor maps to cover most of the northern Gulf of Mexico under deep water. It was created by the collision of continental plates that formed Pangea. All of this encouraged two further expeditions, the first in 1518 under the command of Juan de Grijalva, and the second in 1519 under the command of Hernn Corts, which led to the Spanish exploration, military invasion, and ultimately settlement and colonization known as the Conquest of Mexico. During the Late Jurassic, continued rifting widened the Gulf of Mexico and progressed to the point that sea-floor spreading and formation of oceanic crust occurred. (2013), Jurassic evolution of the Gulf of Mexico salt basin, AAPG Bull., 97, 16831710, https://doi.org/10.1306/04011312073. DUBAI (Reuters) - Iran seized a Marshall Islands-flagged oil tanker in the Gulf of Oman in international waters on Thursday, the U.S. Navy said, the latest in a series of seizures or attacks on . Bryant, W., et al. Mexico and United States: Treaty to resolve pending boundary differences and maintain the Rio Grande and Colorado River as the international boundary, of November 23, 1970; Treaty on maritime boundaries between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean), of May 4, 1978, and Treaty between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Mexican States on the delimitation of the continental shelf in the Western Gulf of Mexico beyond 200 nautical miles (370km; 230mi), of June 9, 2000. (2017). thesis, Univ. Le Hnaff, M., F.E. Continental Shelf Research, p.103988. Wider Caribbean region including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. [42] Recently, resident Bryde's whales within the gulf were classified as an endemic, unique subspecies and making them as one of the most endangered whales in the world. NOAA Gulf of Mexico Data Atlas - National Centers for Environmental On January 25, 1699, Iberville reached Santa Rosa Island in front of Pensacola founded by the Spanish; he sailed from there to Mobile Bay and explored Massacre Island, later renamed Dauphin Island. Hurricane season in the Gulf of Mexico officially runs from June 1 to November 30. Max. (2000), Mega-furrows on the continental rise south of the Sigsbee Escarpment, northwest Gulf of Mexico, paper presented at the American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention, New Orleans, La., 1619 April. (left) Surface Chlorophyll-a (colors, mg/m3) observed from MODIS Aqua on May 21, 2015. Its floor consists of sedimentary rocks and recent sediments. Geol., 18, 479486, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8172(00)00071-4. The volume of water in the basin is roughly 2.4106 cubic kilometers (5.8105 cubic miles). Lett., 13, 207211, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01207749. Measuring oil residence time with GPS-drifters, satellites and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) The gulf's warm water temperature can feed powerful Atlantic hurricanes causing extensive human death and other destruction as happened with Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Gulf of Mexico, Spanish Golfo de Mxico, partially landlocked body of water on the southeastern periphery of the North American continent. In the summer, surface temperatures of about 90 F (32 C) have been measured, but the usual variation is nearly the same as that experienced in February. Surface Chlorophyll-a concentration (mg/m3) measured by MODIS satellite on July 22, 2016. Straits of Florida - Wikipedia He arrived in time to greet Garca de Escalante Alvarado (a nephew of Pedro de Alvarado), commander of the salvage operation, when Alvarado arrived by sea on July 22, 1554. Best Scuba Diving Spots in Mexico for Adventure Seekers [MAP] Nautical Charts Online - National Oceanic and Atmospheric [34] Mexico sought an extension of its continental shelf in the Western Polygon based on international law, UNCLOS, and bilateral treaties with the United States, in accordance with Mexico's domestic legislation. Former Director, Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, 198694. Bays Links: en.wikipedia.org By: aicra. [50], Microplastics within semi-enclosed seas like the Gulf have been reported in high concentrations and the Gulf's first such study estimated concentrations that rival the highest globally reported. depth (ft) To depth map. TCHP represents the quantity of heat available in the oceans upper layer. Since 1979, the specimens have been deposited in the national collections of the National Museum of Natural History.[45]. Hastings, D. and P.K. Pollution also threatens life in the Gulf of Mexico. [27] River drainage and atmospheric fallout from industrial coastal cities also provide nutrients to the coastal zone. The highest average error, 5%, occurs in water depths shallower than 150 meters because of the nature of conventional seismic acquisition in shallow water and the high variability of temperature and salinity in shallow water, which affect the velocity of sound in water. Map with JOSM Remote; View. They turned south and traveled for two days looking for a great harbor the master pilot Miruelo knew of. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(10), 7897-7923. This is excellent resolution, geophysically speaking, and for the past 2 decades the map has been a respected and popular regional data set within science, academia, and the oil and gas industry. of Oceanogr. 74-1, 28 pp., Bur. The Gulf of Mexico Data Atlas provides information about the physical environment, marine resources, socioeconomic activity and other aspects of the Gulf of Mexico that can be used to identify baseline conditions, status, and trends of the ecosystem. Florida state waters are from shore to 3 nautical miles on the Atlantic and from shore to 9 nautical miles on the Gulf. (bottom) Images of two fronts separating different types of waters, from heavily brackish to clear blue waters, observed on April 20, 2017. The Gulf of Mexico is, however, unusually flat, with a gradient of only about 1 foot (0.3 meters) in every 8,000 feet (2,440 meters). Every summer, the whole Gulf of Mexico is marked with high sea surface temperatures, which support the formation and presence of tropical storms and hurricanes. NOAA biologists, aware of BOEMs expansive seafloor database, requested that its geoscientists create a semiregional map that NOAA could use to model the area affected by the oil plume. GULF OF MEXICO Stats: Title: GULF OF MEXICO: This chart covers part of America's Great Loop: Scale: 1:2160000: Min Longitude-98.11: Min Latitude: 17.78 . and L. DiPinto (2019). The German submarine U-166 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Gulf of Mexico, Spanish Golfo de Mxico, partially landlocked body of water on the southeastern periphery of the North American continent. Above is a snippet of this map, roughly 220 kilometers wide, showing the central Gulf of Mexicos complex morphology of salt domes and minibasins. Pet. Para espaol, por favor haga clic aqu Key Message: NOAA Fisheries requests your comments on the proposed rule implementing regulations for Amendment 1 to each of the Puerto Rico, St. Croix, and St. Thomas and St. John Fishery Management Plans.. Amendment 1 addresses the use and definition of buoy gear, which is a type of hook-and-line gear type used by commercial fishermen targeting deep . Gulf of Mexico Activities | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Gulf of Mexico (Google Maps). Sea surface temperatures in February vary between 64 F (18 C) in the northern gulf and 76 F (24 C) off the Yucatn coast. Second, as rifting progressed through Early and Middle Jurassic times, the continental crust was stretched and thinned. There are frequent "red tide" algae blooms[46] that kill fish and marine mammals and cause respiratory problems in humans and some domestic animals when the blooms reach close to shore. Remote The Gulf of Mexico is a semi-enclosed basin connected, to the south, to the Caribbean Sea, and to the North Atlantic Ocean to the east. Global Land One-kilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE) v.1. Additionally, the gulf's shoreline is fringed by numerous bays and smaller inlets. Any reuse without express permission from the copyright owner is prohibited. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, an improved navigable waterway along the Gulf Coast of the United States, extending from Apalachee Bay, Florida, westward to the Mexican border at Brownsville, Texas, a distance of more than 1,100 miles (1,770 km). view from tx . Total Gulf Offshore : 6.7: Federal Gulf of Mexico : 6.4: Gulf States Offshore : 0.3 : Total Offshore Percent of Total Reserves : 1%: Total Gulf Offshore Percent of Total Reserves : 1%: Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Proved Reserves, Year-end 2017 : U.S. Gulf Coast Operable Refinery Capacity As Of . The Gulf of Mexico contains large deposits of petroleum and natural gas. The effort required the researchers to devise a method for combining their multiple overlapping seafloor maps of the spill region, made using different 3-D seismic surveys, into a single gridded surface. Now a new regional seafloor data set created by the U.S. Department of the Interiors Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) reveals that dynamic environment with stunning new clarity. 3 min read. Maps contain data from all five Gulf States (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas). The floor of the Gulf of Mexico is one of the most geologically interesting stretches of the Earth's surface. Omissions? In May 2007, an expedition, led by Texas A&M University and funded by OGGC under an agreement with the Minerals Management Service (now BOEM), was launched to undertake the deepest scientific archaeological excavation ever attempted at that time to study the site on the seafloor and recover artifacts for eventual public display in the Louisiana State Museum. The subsidence was the result of a combination of crustal stretching, cooling, and loading. Many layers include interactive elements with queryable attribute information. Leading up to the 13th anniversary (April 20) of one of the worst environmental disasters . Rosel E. P.. Corkeron P.. Engleby L.. Epperson D.. Mullin D. K.. Soldevilla S. M.. Taylor L. B.. 2016. GULF OF MEXICO (Marine Chart : US411_P45) | Nautical Charts App The DeepWater Horizon oil slick: High resolution model simulations of river front effects, Currently, NOAA/AOML operates ocean gliders in the Atlantic hurricane region to detect the presence of warm waters that can influence hurricane evolution. It is just over 200 kilometres (120 mi) wide and nearly 2,800 metres (9,200 ft) deep at its deepest point near the coast . At this point, sufficient circulation with the Atlantic Ocean was established that the deposition of Louann Salt ceased. The data include detailed seismic surveys originally shot by 15 different companies involved in the oil and gas industry. "International waters" is not a defined term in international law. https://www.britannica.com/place/Gulf-of-Mexico, Texas State Historical Association - Handbook of Texas - Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Mexico - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Gulf of Mexico - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), SpaceX giant rocket explodes minutes after launch from Texas, Oil drilling in Gulf safer, but concerns linger, report says, Gulf of Mexico oil worse for climate than thought, study, one that struck Galveston, Texas, in 1900, another that devastated New Orleans and surrounding areas in 2005.
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