e) feeling of personal growth. c) top-down goals. Can't attend? Give examples. 14.3 Process Theories of Motivation - OpenStax Furthermore, since meeting these needs does not provide satisfaction, Herzberg concludes that they do not motivate workers. Social comparison is the basic foundation of which theory? Social comparison is the basic foundation of which theory? The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. Question 8. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. Chapter 16 Flashcards | Quizlet Motivators relate to job content. a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. An invoice of $3168 from Scottish Importers has cash terms of 4/20 EOM and is dated June 5. It focuses on employee motivation,. d) Goal setting We say these people have a high achievement motive. b. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following are reasons to examine criminological theories of crime EXCEPT ______., A criminal justice professional who does not understand criminal justice research is comparable to a ______., Criminological theories are all of the following EXCEPT ______. b) Task feedback, or knowledge of results, is likely to motivate people toward higher performance by encouraging the setting of higher performance goals. They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. d) Felt positive inequity A person can resolve perceived negative inequity by doing all of the following EXCEPT: d. through the insights of clinicians d Transpersonal psychology's founders include all of the following except: a. Abraham Maslow b. John Krumboltz c. Stanislav Grof. Placing a company in a larger context and adding a second, higher purpose than the established company goals motivates employees to police the company itself to be a better global citizen. Managers often assume that employees do not have certain needs because the employees never try to satisfy them at work. On the other hand, SDT would suggest that to enhance intrinsic motivation on jobs that are interesting, dont focus only on increasing extrinsic rewards (like large pay bonuses). Term used to describe a therapy style in which the therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client, instead remaining a calm, nonjudgmental listener while the client talks. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. Hedonism, one of the first motivation theories, assumes that people are motivated to satisfy mainly their own needs (seek pleasure, avoid pain). e) assumed negative inequity, According to equity theory, which of the following exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively more than others have received? The key difference between theories of learning and models of teaching is that theories describe a. explicit strategies. e) Higher and lower-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. Over time the hobby becomes less fun and is done in order to receive extrinsic rewards (money). PDF Shenandoah Curriculum Consulting Instructional Module Developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process to engage in artistry of caring-healing practices Practice of loving kindness and equanimity (self-control/composure) within context of caring consciousness d) power C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others . Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on all of the following EXECPT: a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time e) It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. To take precautionary measures. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. Job content is what we actually do when we perform our job duties. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. High need for achievement can also be important, but it sometimes results in too much concern for personal success and not enough for the employers success. Do you think most companies CSR programs are essentially PR gimmicks? They accept credit for success and blame for failure. Further, evidence in support of the three need categories and their order tends to be stronger than evidence for Maslows five need categories and their relative order. 50. a) Reinforcement a) ERG theory They should then address the much more powerful motivator needs, in which workers experience recognition, responsibility, achievement, and growth. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. The answer is, the success of many organizations is dependent on the nAch levels of their employees.6 This is especially true for jobs that require self-motivation and managing others. Goldberg and Heath discovered that socks are the most-requested clothing at homeless shelters. In fact, around the 1920s, some 6,000 human needs had been identified by behavioral scientists! Match each vocabulary term to its definition. b) sense of achievement. According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? Learned needs, which Murray called secondary needs, are learned throughout ones life and are basically psychological in nature. More specifically, Herzberg believes these motivators lead to high performance (achievement), and the high performance itself leads to satisfaction. Jason Mackenzie Alexander argues morality is a form of social technology - it is context specific and it can go out-of-date e) Esteem, relationships, and growth. b) Motivation = expectancy X equity X rewards 67. c) People with a high need for affiliation like attention and recognition. They feel personally responsible for completing whatever tasks they are assigned. A disaster may be caused by nature or have human origins c. A disaster always receives widespread media coverage. citation tool such as, Authors: David S. Bright, Anastasia H. Cortes. Herzbergs work suggests a two-stage process for managing employee motivation and satisfaction. individual. During the process of refining and extending Maslows theory, Alderfer provided another need-based theory and a somewhat more useful perspective on motivation.12 Alderfers ERG theory compresses Maslows five need categories into three: existence, relatedness, and growth.13 In addition, ERG theory details the dynamics of an individuals movement between the need categories in a somewhat more detailed fashion than typically characterizes interpretations of Maslows work. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. nondirectivec. a) How a person will respond to types of leadership direction e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. Which one of the following statements about the application and/or implications of equity theory is false? e) relatedness, According to McClelland, it is __________. Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. c) Safety, self-actualization, and social d) Self-actualization d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. Genetic Theory of Aging. Therefore, the more we satisfy our growth need, the more important it becomes and the more strongly we are motivated to satisfy it. d) Equity a. Organizational behavior researchers, however, are not as enamored with it because research results dont support Maslows hierarchical notion. c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. d) Motivation-hygiene theory Other needs take over and we endeavor to satisfy them. d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. 51. d) ERG theory provides a timeline for action, but Maslow's theory does not. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: b) Social Maslow was a psychologist who, based on his early research with primates (monkeys), observations of patients, and discussions with employees in organizations, theorized that human needs are arranged hierarchically. c) Expectancy In this case, Alderfers third component, frustration regression, can cause us to shift our attention to a previously satisfied, more concrete, and verifiable need. b) Hierarchy of needs theory Of the three needs studied by McClelland, nAch has the greatest impact. b.) d) Goals are most likely to motivate people toward higher performance when they are accepted and there is commitment to them. Once those needs have been satisfied, the next level, social needs, become energized. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. A common thread through all of them is that people have a variety of needs. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. b) Physiological The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner, posits that humans can possess eight different types of intelligence: musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. When motivator needs are met, however, employees feel satisfied and are motivated to perform well. Creative Commons Attribution License Reinforcement 14.2 Content Theories of Motivation - OpenStax 58. b) Hierarchy of needs theory b.) Nursing Quiz - NCLEX-RN, CGFNS, Canadian Licensure - Current Nursing then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. But he also believes that each need can be taught, especially nAch. The two main psychological developmental theories include continuous and discontinuous development. c) supervision. e) the consequences of an individual's behavior, b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. a) Safety, social, physiological, esteem, and self-actualization To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. The individual level does not impact the group level. They have very strong desires for feedback about how well they are doing. Rather, hygienes refer to job context factors (pay, working conditions, supervision, and security). Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? integrative. Need-based theories describe motivated behavior as individual efforts to meet needs. For example, our need for water takes precedence over our need for social interaction (this is also called prepotency). Skills-based math and English classes help develop reasoning skills, while textbook exercises ensure long-term mastery of each. The task is enjoyable, so we continue to do it even in the absence of extrinsic rewards. In expectancy theory, instrumentality is the probability that work effort will be followed by a given level of performance accomplishment. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. 35. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Why or why not? He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. Abeka speech for every day review quiz 1 Flashcards. c) Expectancy c) leaving the situation. (Credit: Stefan Chow/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/14-2-content-theories-of-motivation, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service.
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