However, many of these dialects are at least partially mutually intelligible. Not true about Czech / Slovak inteligibility. I would say that Macedonian is about 25% intelligible to a Serbian speaker that was never exposed to Macedonian. I cannot understand that much of kajkavski nor akavski, but I can understand more akavski than I can kajkavski. These three languages have an 86% lexical similarity; that is, they share 86% of the same words. It is just a dialect in east Slovakia that westernd Slovaks (and Czechs) find harder to understand but it is not like they would not understand a word. Linguistic distance is the relative degree of difference between languages or dialects. It is very strange when some words are not understood, although the communication is possible. Nevertheless, the ISO has recently accepted a proposal from the Kajkavian Renaissance Association to list the Kajkavian literary language written from the 1500s-1900 as a recognized language with an ISO code of kjv. Are polish and slovak mutually intelligible? Huchon, Mireille, Histoire de la langue franaise, pages 214 and 223. Scientific intelligibility studies of Czech and Slovak have shown ~82% quite high but still low enough for them to be closely related separate languages and not dialects of one language. I am a good control for this because I am an American but my father is Slovak(my mother is half Slovak but American) and I can understand about 50 % of Slovak and I do have a hard time with Czech but once I get past their hacek r I can understand quite a bit. Serbo-Croatian has only 20% intelligibility of Ukrainian. The results: I can only speak from my personal experience (business trips to Czech Republic - Ostrava, Praha, Mlad Boleslav, Mikulov ). It has been massively updated with a lot of new research from controlled scientific intelligibility studies. For instance, West Palesian is a transitional Belarussian dialect to Ukrainian. Then she talks about the cards in the bags, I again understand everything, but at 0:47, another stream of unintelligible sounds is starting. To my opinion, Macedonian and Bulgarian would be today much closer if Macedonian had not been heavily influenced by Serbian and Bulgarian not influenced so much by Russian. The distance of Slovene may seem unlikely, but I think that it is still rather optimistic, because Czech and Slovene are quite distant, despite geographical closeness. Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? Congratulations on a brilliant article! You must namely take into consideration that the mutual understanding depends on many things if you are LISTENING or READING, WHAT are people talking about, HOW FAST they are speaking, and even WHO is speaking. Understanding the connection between mutually intelligible languages, can make it easier to learn an additional language. I cant say that I would understand every word, but it is usually not difficult to guess some missing gaps from the context, so I could read professional books in Bulgarian in the past. Are belarusian and russian mutually intelligible? - AskingForAnswer but they are often mutually intelligible. How much Slovene can your average Chakavian speaker understand? London Times, 25 September 2006 Russian influence only ended in 1878. So if you believe the fantastic conspiracy theory that 19 hijackers some have been discovered to be still alive were able to hijack 4 commercial planes for hours uninterrupted armed only with boxcutters and crash them into US largest and with the Pentagon most well guarded which has its own missile defence and radar system buildings on US? There is as much Czech literature and media as Slovak literature and media in Slovakia, and many Slovaks study at Czech universities. Lach is not fully intelligible with Czech; indeed, the differences between Lach and Czech are greater than the differences between Silesian and Polish, despite the fact that Lach has been heavily leveling into Moravian Czech for the last 100 years. The Torlakian spoken in the southeast is different. Im gonna estimate 40% for Bulgarian, cant really say what the difference between written and spoken Bulgarian would be for me. Many people know cases well but simply dont want to speak them correctly in conversation with someone who doesnt speak them correctly because that makes them feel like they want to judge other people who doesnt use cases correctly or that makes them more educated, even more smart, than someone who doesnt use it, and that makes both sides uncomfortable. Russian on the other hand uses the Cyrillic alphabet. I grew up as a Ukrainian speaker in North America. Tradues em contexto de "mutuamente compreensvel" en portugus-ingls da Reverso Context : Os membros da equipa de verificao da Comisso podem comunicar com as autoridades e com o pessoal do operador da instalao numa lngua comum e mutuamente compreensvel. Polish: Ukrainian and Belarusian (both partially; moreover, . Slovenian while it sounds slavic to me is not intelligible at all save for a few words here and there. Serbs/Croats used to live in the south Poland and they moved south to the current location. LIFESTYLE Languages. 10%? Slobozhan Russian can also be called Kuban Russian or Balachka. The unintelligibility is only due to the manner of speaking and not because of lexical and/or grammatical differences. I can illustrate it on the video posted above Vojnata vo Bosna. You really need to go look at the new version of the paper. Written intelligibility was only calculated for a number of language pairs. Therefore, for the moment, there are five separate Croatian languages: Shtokavian Croatian, Kajkavian Croatian, Chakavian Croatian, Molise Croatian, and Burgenland Croatian. The more German the Silesian dialect is, the harder it is for Poles to understand. According to former Pakistani President Musharraf Omar Sheikh who wired $100,000 to Mohammed Atta was recruited during the 90s by British intelligence. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. Im of the Yugoslav variety by rearing, and a Serb by select bits of culture, by most of my native language and by all of where my tax money goes. I would like to add an interesting fact Slovenian has very harsh dialects due to the historic separation of different regions. Is Ukrainian Intelligible With Russian? - FAQS Clear LINGO | Gaston Dorren, language writer My email is on the Contact page. Conclusion: It is often said that Ukrainian and Russian are intelligible with each other or even that they are the same language (a view perpetuated by Russian nationalists). In akavian they are once more old slavic. In Ukrainian, one might say "I am waiting for you" ; however, there is no need for a conjunction in . We speak them too. The German influence is more prominent in the west; Polish influence is greater in the east. The British Academy funded research project dedicated to examining mutual intelligibility between Karakalpak, Kazakh and Uzbek languages is currently under way at the, This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 16:40. Mutual intelligibility between languages - CourseFinders In writing, German is also somewhat mutually intelligible with Dutch. You cannot simply separate the articles from the words during a regular conversation. How come you have not done a post about 9/11 before Robert? So I asked my Russian wife to listen to some of them (mostly local news on Youtube). Salute from Czech republic. Russian, the native language of 160 million people, including many . Ja u da radim is more common to Serbian speakers but ja u raditi is officially more correct. ", "Moldovan (limba moldoveneasc / )", "Experimental methods for measuring intelligibility of closely related language varieties", "Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in Europe", Harold Schiffman, "Linguists' Definition: mutual intelligibility", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mutual_intelligibility&oldid=1137818628, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2015, Pages with login required references or sources, Articles needing additional references from July 2022, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from March 2015, Articles with self-published sources from April 2020, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Kajkavian has higher mutual intelligibility with Slovene than with the national varieties of Shtokavian. He gave me the 25% figure. (Download). KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. The Russian language in the Ukraine has been declining recently mostly because since independence, the authorities have striven to make the new Ukrainian as far away from Russian as possible by adopting the Kharkiv Standard adopted in 1927 and jettisoning the 1932 Standard which brought Ukrainian more in line with Russian. Lets say a young Czech goes to Slovakia without prior exposure to Slovak. In this case, another criteria I would also consider is how hard or easy it is for a Serb to start understanding Macedonian. The higher the linguistic distance, the lower the mutual intelligibility. Its also said that Serbo-Croatian can understand Bulgarian and Macedonian, but this is not true. BR, However, you do say later in the text that The real reason that Slavs cant even understand each other: not enough vowels in their tongues! . Ukrainian language similar to Polish? Kajkavski it seems has changed less than akavski. Its often said that all Slavic languages are mutually intelligible with each other. Method: It is important to note that the percentages are in general only for oral intelligibility and only in the case of a situation of a pure inherent intelligibility test. Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages I also recognize a Macedonian who speaks Serbian by the vowel e, and their sound of () is much softer than Serbian one, something between Serbian and or even as same as . I think this is very difficult for Macedonians to distinguish this two consonants and pronounce them correctly. These figures were tallied up for each pair of languages to be tabulated and were then all averaged together. This is also true of vocabulary and other aspects. Spanish and Catalan have a lexical similarity of 85%. In Serbian word order is not that important like it is in English. A Serbian native speaker felt that the percentages for South Slavic seemed to be accurate. Polish is a disgusting sounding language. Polish Language Overview, Structure & Facts | What is Polski? Sorry for my English, Im still learning itespecially right word order. Contents1 Can Slovenians understand Croatian?2 What languages are mutually intelligible with Croatian?3 What is the closest language to Slovenian?4 Which two . It was formerly thought to be a Slovenian dialect, but some now think it is more properly a Kajkavian dialect. He said if he was there for about a week he could understand probably everything. 6. But other results that included Czech and Bulgarian were very poor. However, Russian is only 74% mutually intelligible with spoken Belarusian and 50% mutually intelligible with spoken Ukrainian. If you take your 25 (supposedly from Novi Sad) and 90 from Nis, then we come to about 60 percent (from Serbian side). She introduces her and her two friends from the Czech republic and Spain, Because she speaks very clearly and slowly, I understand everything between 0:25-0:32, but then she starts a fast flood of words and between 0:32-0:36 I basically hear only s. In Linguistics, this MI stuff is noncontroversial. https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family I do hope that you understand the point. The Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family is known for its languages being relatively closely related. Yet its totally foreign to many in Croatia. What Languages Are Mutually Intelligible With Serbian? Because mutual intelligibility comes in varying degrees, its hard to determine how much overlap there needs to be for something to be classified as such. Re: Cz/Slo Polish and Ukrainian: different or similar? - Language Tsar . And the same problem emerges in other situations. Albeit, Scots dialect is far more pronounced than English, and at times, can be unintelligible. Most people in the region speak Russian with a few Ukrainian words. Anti-Ethnic Sentiments Upper Dnistrian is influenced by German and Polish. Although the standard view is that Balachka is a Ukrainian dialect, some linguists say that it is actually a separate language closely related to Ukrainian. Interesting article but I think there are some minor and some major mistakes and misunderstandigs. OMG! Polish and Russian: are they similar or very different languages? Finally, understanding mutual intelligibility gives you helpful insight into the history of a language. Accent is on last or penultimate syllable. Postby voron 2018-01-26, 22:33. Portuguese has varying degrees of mutual intelligibility with Spanish, Galician, French and Italian. Ukrainian and Russian: How Similar Are These Two Languages? It is estimated that there is 89% lexical similarity with French, 87% similarity with Catalan (spoken in Southern Spain), 85% with Sardinian, 82% with Spanish, 78% with Ladin (spoken in Northern Italy) and 77% with Romanian. Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija, saestvuvat oe makedonska norma, kojato sao izpolzva kirilica, i banatska norma, kojata izpolzva latinica. It depends which dialect. Download: Pure Silesian appears to be a dying language. Grammar, on the other hand, is a different matter altogether. Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in . What if akavian person is from dalmatian coastal village which is now half tokavised and tokavian speaker is from Dalmatian city which still has some elements of akavian, ikavian yat and is full of romanisms? I simply didnt know what for example word iskati (to seek) means when I first watched that movie, I was 14, I understand it from the context like I can understand Macedonian. Macedonian and Bulgarian are fairly similar but they are not close to being fully mutually intelligible. 25/01/23 | StarsInsider. Here are the estimates about inteligebility with other Slavic languages from a person thats fluent in Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian: Slovak somewhat more than Polish, but still very little. It has also been described as a transitional dialect between Polish and Slovak. As soon as one gets even a very moderate amount of exposure, comprehension improves, even between such geographically distant languages as Polish and Serbian I remember staying in Montenegro and a Pole buying bread and a Montenegrin could still communicate with each other speaking at a slow-enough pace. Interesting when one considers that Ukrainians do not even consider Rusyn a real language. No, you cannot. Russian has high intelligibility of Belarussian, on the order of 75%. Je to oficiln jazyk v Bulharsk republice a jeden z 23 oficilnch jazyk v Evropsk unii. It shows that Macedonians indeed grew up to certain extent as bilingual Macedonian-Serbian. I have to really focus and try hard to understand them but with patience I can get buy. "A New Methodology for Romance Classification". Tunisian Arabic is also considered mutually intelligible with Maltese, particularly with regards to idiomatic expressions. Ukrainians seems closer to Slovak than Russian but some words in Russian are almost exactly the same in Slovak but in Ukranian they are completely different. The problem is that native speakers can understand other speakers of their own language. Recently a Croatian linguist forwarded a proposal to formally recognize Chakavian as a separate language, but the famous Croatian Slavicist Radoslav Katii argued with him about this and rejected the proposal on political, not linguistic grounds. There are distinct regional variations of Arabic. Ukrainian has 62% lexical similarity with Russian but 70% with Polish, which isn't high enough for mutual intelligibility with both Russian and Polish, but Poles can certainly understand Ukrainian much better than Russian, and Russians can understand Ukrainian much better than Poles. However, there are dialects in between Ukrainian and Russian such as the Eastern Polissian and Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian that are intelligible with both languages . A lect called iarija Slovenian is spoken on the Istrian Peninsula in Slovenia just north of Croatia. I am communicating very often with speakers of the other Slavic languages, so I did an experiment and I tried to write something in Bulgarian for one first time. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates. @jacobbauthumley I met Croats from Zagreb and they speak Slovenian perfectly. I will tell you also this: Its vocabulary has lots of common words with all of Russian, Ukrainian, and Polish, so it's sort of mutually intelligible with all of them. Get 70% off + 10 languages + 14 day free trial. BULGARIAN (transferred to the Latin script): algarskijat ezik e indoevropejski ezik ot grupata na junoslavjanskite ezici. That word have special meaning and I think that Serbian needs that word, but if I tell that word seriously while I speak, everybody will laugh at me. In the case of Croatian and Slovene, the intelligibility is asymmetric, since Slovene participants could understand Croatian better than vice versa. Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. akavian differs from the other nearby Slavic lects spoken in the country due to the presence of many Italian words. Thanks for the information about Eastern Slovak I will incorporate it. Ukrainian and Russian only have 60% lexical similarity. For example, Dutch speakers tend to find it easier to understand Afrikaans than vice versa as a result of Afrikaans' simplified grammar. I use Wikipedia as a reference for new languages that Wikipedia misses, like the 4 Croatian languages. Ukrainian language, formerly called Ruthenian or Little Russian (now considered pejorative), Ukrainian Ukrans'ka mova, East Slavic language spoken in Ukraine and in Ukrainian communities in Kazakhstan, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, and Slovakia and by smaller numbers elsewhere. "The Linguistic Innovation Emerging From Rohingya Refugees." Those 12% in Polish are very dubious as well. Please listen and watch the movie Zona Zamfirova. Generally, when foreigners say speakers of a certain language speak too fast, speakers of that language can hear that fast speech just fine. For example, the spirantisation of Slavic /g/ to /h/ is an areal feature shared by the Czech-Slovak group with both Ukrainian and Sorbian (but not with Polish). They have more in common than you might think! From a grammatical and morphological perspective, Ukrainian is closer to Russian: they both have East Slavic roots. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings. How Similar Are Russian And Ukrainian? - Babbel Magazine Is the virgin Intelligibility important? So give these mutually intelligible languages a second look. An example of equal treatment of Malaysian and Indonesian: the, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, North Germanic languages Mutual intelligibility, Learn how and when to remove this template message, considered separate languages only for political reasons, "Listening instruction and patient safety: Exploring medical English as a lingua franca (MELF) for nursing education", "The Contribution of Linguistic Factors to the Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages", "Taking taxonomy seriously in linguistics: Intelligibility as a criterion of demarcation between languages and dialects", "uvalar: The Internal Classification & Migration of Turkic Languages", "Mutual Comprehensibility of Written Afrikaans and Dutch: Symmetrical or Asymmetrical? In addition, the Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian and Russian such as (Slobozhan Ukrainian and Slobozhan Russian) spoken in Kantemirov (Voronezhskaya Oblast, Russia), and Kuban Russian or Balachka spoken in the Kuban area right over the eastern border of Ukraine are very close to each other. How can you mesure intelligibility by using one single person. Writing in Chakavian started very early in the Middle Ages and began to slow down in the 1500s when writing in Kajkavian began to rise. BULGARIAN: Balgarskijat ezik e naj-rannijat pismeno dokumentiran slavjanski ezik. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. Also sorry for my English. Mutual intelligibility of Russian and Ukrainian - Factual Questions At least not in general if so, it might depend on the school. For example, all Russian shows get subtitles on Ukrainian TV. Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family - Academia.edu Do Ukrainians and Polish like each other? A number of native speakers of various Slavic lects were interviewed about mutual intelligibility, language/dialect confusion, the state of their language, its history and so on. Yes because governments dont conspire do they except for the Gulf of Tonkin, Iraq war, drug trafficking, coups, supporting the same Islamic terrorism which is even mentioned in main stream press during the 90s with links to the 9/11 hijackers which we are now supposably fighting a phoney war on terror against. So I understood all but one word (), and Google Translator indeed confirms that my guess was right and it means also. For example, those who learn Ukrainian will eventually know 70% of Polish lexicon and a . However, there are dialects in between Ukrainian and Russian such as the Eastern Polissian and Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian that are intelligible with both languages. I am a native Czech speaker, I understand Slovak (a lot of exposure, many visits, many colleagues) and Russian (studied at school, many visits) in all three languages I am close 100% understanding of news, yet for Polish, Ukrainian and Croat I would rate my understanding at 15-20%, with no significant improvement just from being in the country (I have spent in total about 20 weeks in Croatia, 4 in Ukraine, 3 in Poland). IOW, I think there are two languages Czech and Slovak and I do not agree that they are the same language with two dialects. Woof woof! Yiddish speakers usually have an easier time understanding German than vice versa, largely because Yiddish has added words from other languages, including Hebrew and Slavic languages, which makes it more difficult for German speakers to understand. Hag_Boulder 9 mo. Czech has 94% intelligibility of Slovak, 12% of Polish, and 5% of Russian and Bulgarian. Ability of speakers of two language varieties to understand the other, As a criterion for identifying separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, Alexander M. Schenker. Young Czechs and Slovaks talk to each other a lot via the Internet. Even the most common, most simple words sound alien in spoken Bulgarian, VODA(WATER) is pronounced ,VODA . What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? They are essentially the same language and even somebody with virgin ears can understand anybody almost perfectly, as long as he has half a brain. Yet some say that the subtitles are simply put on as a political move due to Ukraines puristic language policy. I once had a conversation with a young woman from the Czech Republic. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. I put it to Google translator and I got this: The claim for separate languages is based more on politics than on linguistic science. What I took as Czech speaking Czech language, which I perfectly understand, was actually Czech who tries to speaks Polish. So I tried with my native Slovenian language and I was surprised how well Bulgars understand Slovenian language. As for mutual intelligibility, learned exposure aside, Ive never had much of a fun time in any area of western or northern Serbia that wasnt Belgrade; my lack of a pitch accent system (where Serbian has four accents, Ni has independent accent and length that seldom coincide with the norm); I cannot for the life of me make sense of umadija or Vojvodina Serbian (these are considered the normative core of Serbian) without resorting to asking the other party to slow down and having myself talk slower. Russian speakers are also likely to understand some Bulgarian, along with other Slavic languages to a lesser extent. > Much of the claimed intelligibility was simply bilingual learning. Some comments on Ukrainian: Even little kids who watch the show understand. Ukrainians and Belarusians understand each other's languages with no problem. Id guess mutual intelligibility there is somewhere on the level of 75~80%, which is pretty pathetic. Chakavian has a low mutual intelligibility with either, in part due to its large number of loanwords from Venetian. With Lonely Planet's Ukrainian Phrasebook, let no barriers . But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. Czech 20 % spoken, 40 % written What Other Languages Can You Understand If You Know Russian? Portuguese also has a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Spanish. Eastern Slovak has ~80% intelligibility of Rusyn. From some reason, the Hutsul, Lemko, andBoiko dialects of the Rusyn language are much more comprehensible to Russians than Standard Ukrainian is. Ive not read em myself. What sort of Slav nation are you a part of my friend? Intelligibility among languages can vary between individuals or groups within a language population according to their knowledge of various registers and vocabulary in their own language, their exposure to additional related languages, their interest in or familiarity with other cultures, the domain of discussion, psycho-cognitive traits, the mode of language used (written vs. oral), and other factors. And when islanders respond back in akavian they are puzzled: What? Some reports say there is difficult intelligibility between Ekavian Chakavian in the north and Ikavian Chakavian in the far south, but speakers of Labin Ekavian in the far north say they can understand the Southeastern Istrian speech of the southern islands very well (Jembrigh 2014). ago. In contrast, there is often significant intelligibility between different Scandinavian languages, but as each of them has its own standard form, they are classified as separate languages. I work with Russians (dro. There is one factor they dont know about the internet. I think (as a native Serbian speaker from south eastern Belgrade) the main difference between Serbian and Macedonian is that Macedonian doesnt have cases and have definite articles as well. What languages are mutually intelligible with Russian? Molise Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. The Lemko dialect of Rusyn has only marginal intelligibility with Ukrainian. Intelligibility data for Saris Slovak and Ukrainian is not known. 60%? The written languages differ much more than the spoken ones. Mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. According to Ethnologue, there are more than 7,000 languages in the world, with some being more difficult to learn than others. More? Kashubian itself is a macrolanguage made up of two different languages, South Kashubian and North Kashubian, as the two have difficult intelligibility. Ponaszymu appears to lack full intelligibility with Czech. Once you pick up those basic 50 words, understanding Macedonian becomes super easy that was my experience with Macedonian friends (the few of them who dont speak Serbian). Ukrainian or Russian? Language gets political in Ukraine Or when I heard the word pobrzajte (hurry up (plural)) it was very interesting to me. Many Turkic languages are mutually intelligible to a higher or lower degree, but thorough empirical research is needed to establish the exact levels and patterns of mutual intelligibility between the languages of this linguistic family. Saris Slovak has 85% intelligibility of Polish. Are Polish and Ukrainians mutually intelligible? - Quora
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